Recently Added Document
- Passing on the Polio legacy- Social Mobilization Network Deployment to new locations
- Guidelines for the use of the Communication kit for the tOPV to bOPV SWITCH
- tOPV to bOPV SWITCH FAQs for Cold Chain Handlers and ANMs-English
- tOPV to bOPV FAQs for Cold Chain Handlers and ANMs-Hindi
- tOPV to bOPV SWITCH Fact Sheet-English
- tOPV to bOPV SWITCH Fact Sheet-Hindi
- tOPV to bOPV SWITCH Segregation Tape-Bilingual
- tOPV to bOPV SWITCH job aid for Cold Chain Points-English
- tOPV to bOPV SWITCH job aid for Cold Chain Points-Hindi
- tOPV to bOPV Poster for Cold Chain Points-English
- tOPV to bOPV Poster for Cold Chain Points-Hindi
- E-Brochure: Before the tOPV to bOPV SWITCH
- E-Brochure: After the tOPV to bOPV SWITCH
- SMSes for tOPV to bOPV SWITCH
Convergence
Social Mobilization Network - an overview
- On 27 March 2014, after three years without any polio case, India was officially certified polio free. India’s incredible achievement was the result of strong leadership and commitment of the Government of India and core polio partners: UNICEF, WHO, Rotary International and US Center for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), CORE and donors such as Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation, USAID and Japan. Ultimately, it was the determination by all to reach every single child and community ownership that has kept India polio free. The United Nations Children’s Fund (UNICEF) polio program focuses on reaching the most vulnerable, migrant, mobile, underserved and marginalized children in high risk and hard to reach communities. UNICEF’s Social Mobilization Network (SMNet) with over 7,300 community mobilizers and around 55,000 influencers have worked tirelessly to make India polio free. Every national polio round, the SMNet reaches 2.2 million children in some 3 million households. In 2014, transit vaccination teams vaccinated 100,000 children on trains and over 2.5 million children at festivals. In the post certification era, UNICEF continues to work closely with the Government and other partners to maintain zero polio and boost immunity through routine immunization, polio vaccination and other convergent health initiatives.
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India Polio Program Transition and Legacy in Action
- The India Polio Program is an amazing public health achievement that many did not think possible in 2009 with India contributing over half of the global polio cases. With polio free certification in 2014, India is now poised to take on the crucial challenge of applying the legacy of the polio program to other convergent health strategies, and to other locations in India. The state governments are preparing to transition polio assets such as the Social Mobilization Network (SMNet) to a government owned, funded and managed setup. The program is transitioning in scope programmatically, geographically, financially and in its human resources management. We are witnessing legacy in action on the ground, applying these assets in routine immunization (RI) and other convergent activities, and documenting the lessons for India and global learning.
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India's Triumph Over Polio - Successful Strategies for Stopping Polio in India
- Overview of the key strategies: Leadership and Partnerships: Leadership and commitment at the national, state and local government levels with role clarity among core polio partners to avoid duplication and maximize synergies; and strong partnerships built on trust with local religious leaders, community influencers, NGOs and the media. This made it a people’s program. Planning and Strategizing: Using data to identify and map continually missed groups and communities; and ensuring micro-plans reach every household and every child.
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Poster on Routine Immunization for School Children
- A poster on routine immunization which comes as a package along with the comic book. It aims to encourage youth participation in the routine immunization campaign. The main message reads, "Vaccinate all children till age 1 and protect them from 7 deadly vaccine-preventable diseases". It also mentions the immunization schedule for infants and pregnant women. It is used by teachers in schools, by CMCs with school children or during adolescent meetings at the community level. The poster is also displayed in classrooms as an ongoing reminder for students.
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Converting Dry Latrines in Badaun District of Uttar Pradesh - A Report
- A report on the ‘Conversion of dry latrines to pour flush toilets in Badaun district of Uttar Pradesh’. It captures how the district administration of Badaun, with active support from UNICEF’s Social Mobilization Network, took up the initiative of converting dry latrines to pour flush in 2009. Till a few years back, Badaun had the dubious distinction of the highest number of polio cases in a district. Of the 66 blocks identified as high-risk for polio in Uttar Pradesh in 2010, 16 are in Badaun alone. This report also contains testimonies of district officials, UNICEF mobilizers and community – all telling the story of change.
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Additional Form C - Community Level Summary of Convergence Activities
- The monthly reporting form filled by community mobilization coordinators (CMCs) working in high risk blocks, summarizing convergence activities organized/conducted by them such as routine immunization sessions planned, held and missed, and reasons thereof, number of RI sessions with adequate availability of vaccines, children immunized against the 6 vaccine preventable diseases, number of families with whom counseling sessions were held on key behaviours, including hygiene & sanitation, breastfeeding, diarrhea management through ORS and zinc, use of iodised salt, etc. The CMCs working in high risk blocks fill this out once a month, and give it to their supervising block mobilization coordinator (BMC) who uses it to monitor her work. Some information is summarized and passed up the hierarchy for analysis.
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Additional Form B - Block Level Summary of Convergence Activities
- This form is filled out each month by the block mobilization coordinators (BMC) working in high risk blocks and submitted to their respective district mobilization coordinator (DMC). It summarizes the results of convergence activities conducted by the community mobilization coordinators (CMCs) under his or her supervision, and reports on the BMC's work. There is one row for each CMC, showing the activities planned and held as per the district communication plan. It also has details of convergence activities such as routine immunization sessions planned, held and missed and reasons thereof, number of RI sessions with adequate availability of vaccines, children immunized against the 6 vaccine preventable diseases, number of families with whom counseling sessions were held on key behaviours, including hygiene & sanitation, breastfeeding, diarrhea management through ORS and zinc, use of iodised salt, etc. The last page of the form has the compiled block level data, hence only one form is filled for the entire block. The DMC assigns one BMC to fill this form on behalf of all BMCs working in the block and supports him in the process.
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Monitoring & Evaluation Framework for Polio Convergence - Uttar Pradesh
- This is the monitoring and evaluation plan for convergence in the polio programme in all 66 high-risk blocks of Uttar Pradesh (in this case from June 2010 - May 2012). The comparative matrix outlines the objective programme statement with outcome, outputs and specific activities, monitoring indicators, how frequently these indicators are reviewed in Polio task force meetings, specific values in consecutive months, district and blocks which need improvements (worst performing district-wise blocks with data), qualitative feedback on these districts/blocks, responses undertaken/planned and remarks, if any. A colour code is assigned to worst performing blocks – red for blocks which appear in worst performing list for consecutive 4 months/rounds, brown for blocks appearing in worst performing list for consecutive 3 months/rounds and blue for blocks appearing in worst performing list for consecutive 2 months/rounds. A trend analysis is then charted out for these blocks – whether neutral, positive or negative, with comments and suggestions.
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Monitoring Format for Routine Immunizaton Sessions
- A format for monitoring routine immunization sessions in Uttar Pradesh. It has details of the monitor - which organization s/he belongs to, along with the date and time of the routine immunization session monitored. It has a set of pre-defined questions with multiple responses, such as whether the session was held, who mobilized beneficiaries tot eh session site and so on. While observing an RI session, the monitor needs to tick off the options, whichever is applicable.
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Flip Book on 'Polio Plus' for Community Mobilizers - Bihar
- A flip book on polio and polio plus issues covering topics such as what is polio, its symptoms, how it spreads, why is it important to give polio drops every time. It talks about routine immunization (seven vaccine preventable diseases, routine immunization schedule for children and pregnant women); early initiation of breastfeeding and exclusive breastfeeding till the first 6 months of a child's life, complementary feeding; diarrhoea management through ORS and Zinc; handwashing and sanitation. The flip book is used by community mobilizers in Bihar during their interactions with families and during mothers meetings.
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Government Action Plan - Uttar Pradesh
- An action plan developed by the Government of Uttar Pradesh, setting out the plan for the 66 blocks of UP at high risk of a polio outbreak. UP has 66 out of the 107 high risk blocks, identified in the Government of India's 107 Block Plan.
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Leaflet on Infant and Young Child Feeding
- A leaflet on infant and young child feeding used by community mobilizers in Bihar. This is given to families and mothers as a take away after mothers meetings and after family counseling sessions. The leaflet has messages on early initiation of breastfeeding, colostrum feeding, exclusive breastfeeding for the first 6 months and complementary feeding after 6 months. The leaflet is pictorial with key messages which would help mothers and families remember the 'do's and dont's' of infant feeding practices.
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Leaflet on Routine Immunization
- A leaflet on routine immunization with the immunization schedule for children and pregnant women. The message reads, "Free immunization every Wednesday and Friday at the Health Centre and Anganwadi Centre". The mother is seen carrying her baby and holding the immunization card. This is used by community mobilizers in Bihar as a take away after counseling families and during mothers meetings.
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Panel on Breastfeeding
- A panel on breastfeeding which reads, "Only breastfeeding for the first 6 months and nothing else". The message below says, "Exclusively breastfeed your child for the first 6 months - do not give honey, sugar water, other milk, infant food, canned milk. Not even water. Mother's milk has adequate water content necessary for the baby. This is used by the SMNet in Bihar for display during community meetings, mothers meetings and at the Anganwadi Centre.
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Poster on Routine Immunization
- A poster on routine immunization with the message, "Vaccinate all children under 1 year and protect them against the six life threatening diseases". Immunization is free every Wednesday and Friday at the Health Centre and Anganwadi Centre. The message beside the baby reads, "Because a smiling child is your wish".
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Poster on Breastfeeding
- A poster on breastfeeding which reads, "Give your child mothers milk only". It speaks about early initiation of breastfeeding (including colostrum) and exclusive breastfeeding for the first 6 months of a child life. The message in pink reads, "Because a smiling child is your wish".
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Polio Plus Training Manual - for SMNet Line Managers
- A resource manual for line managers with the social mobilization network, to accompany a workshop on the key messages of the polio plus campaign. It's taken away by the line managers, to give them something to refer back to in their ongoing work.
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Polio Plus Training - For CMCs (Part 2)
- Part 2 of a resource manual given to CMCs on the key polio plus messages; on polio vaccination, routine immunization, sanitation & hygiene and nutrition & diarrhea management. The manual is given to CMCs after a training workshop on polio plus messages, to refer back to in her daily work. This file is in two parts - see Part 2.
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Polio Plus Training - For CMCs (Part 1)
- A resource manual given to CMCs on the key polio plus messages; on polio vaccination, routine immunization, sanitation & hygiene and nutrition & diarrhea management. The manual is given to CMCs after a training workshop on polio plus messages, to refer back to in her daily work. This file is in two parts - see Part 2.
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Facilitators Manual - For Training Line Managers on Polio Plus
- A manual used by training facilitators with the job of training line managers on the key messages of polio plus; including polio vaccination, routine immunization, sanitation & hygiene, nutrition & diarrhea management.
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Game on Polio Plus
- A game on polio plus issues for low and non-literate audiences. It aims to facilitate discussion among women on these key health issues so that they can understand, change their perception and adopt and sustain new behaviours. Using red and green strings, participants identify positive and negative behaviours from a set of visual cards. The women match the card with a green string if the behaviour depicted is correct or a red string if the behaviour is negative/incorrect, giving reasons for their choices. It helps the CMC identify problem areas in her group and assess which key behaviour needs to be changed. It is part of a kit which comprises of a flip book on polio plus issues and a pocket chart. The flip book is largely pictorial and is used by the CMC with women from her community during meetings. The pocket chart comprises of a set of visual cards which are held to a chart through clips. A question card is placed by the CMC and women need to match it with relevant key behaviours. The interactive process enables participating women to recall important polio plus messages discussed during the meeting. For example, if the CMC places a card with the question, “When should you give polio drops to your child?” The images to match this will be booth day and a child being given OPV even during diarrhea.
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Routine Immunization Comic Book
- This is a comic book to encourage youth participation in the routine immunization campaign. It provides basic information on routine immunization and how children can help in the process. There is an activity sheet at the end which helps children discuss ways of participation. It is used by teachers in schools, by CMCs with school children or during adolescent meetings at the community level. The comic book can also be used as the basis for skits and plays performed by school students at school.
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Routine Immunization Reminder Sticker
- The sticker is to remind parents of children up to 5 years old to check their immunization status. When the community mobilization coordinator (CMC) enters houses, she updates the information of the child's immunization on the sticker and also writes the next date immunization is due. It is advised to keep the sticker in a location where the mother sees it everyday. It is usually stuck on her cupboard, near the kitchen area or near the bedroom.
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Folder for RI Card
- A plastic folder to safeguard the government issued routine immunization card. Many parents were losing the RI card which resulted in families having no record of a child's immunization status. To fill this gap, the attractive badhai card (greeting card) folder was created to keep all important papers about the child, along with the badhai card. Key messages and the RI schedule are printed on the folder. Since this was distributed, fewer RI cards have been misplaced by parents in CMC areas.
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Greeting Card (Badhai Card)
- A badhai card (greeting card) given to parents before a child is born. It provides key information on pre-natal care with a special focus on routine immunization once the child is born. It promotes institutional delivery and lists when routine immunization is due. The card is given by community mobilizers to pregnant mothers in the last trimester of their pregnancy. The information on the card is explained by the CMC to the pregnant mother. The card is visually attractive with a focus on images rather than text to help illiterate parents and those with low-literacy.
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